Last updated on March 10, 2021.
The text is from here.
History of CPAP
The oldest description in which a mask was placed on the mouth and nose and given airway pressure was given in 1912. This year, anesthesiast Sterling Bannel reported that he used a mask to maintain lung expansion during chest surgery. This is considered to be the first of the mask CPAP.
Technology developed in the early 1940s, and the era of high altitude flight arrived. The positive pressure (mask CPAP) from a face mask was used to prevent hypoxemia in pilots flying at high altitudes (40,000 feet ≒ 12,000 meters or more).
Mask CPAP has a history of more than 100 years, but it has recently been used for sleep apnea syndrome (SAS). Colin Sullivan in Australia, who was a medical student, discovered that her mother was dead on bed in the morning of July 1968. At the time of discovery, it seems that the body still remained warm. When he returned home late at night, he always heard a big snoring, which lasted until 5:00 in the morning. The sudden death of his mother triggered him to study sleep disorders.
Dr. Corin Sullivan
It was in 1973 that Sullivan realized that he had a disease called SAS. I was attracted to a paper by Christian Guilleminault, known for my early study of sleep disorders, and started my research. In 1979, Sullivan worked as a clinician at the University of Sydney Hospital and Crown Prince Alfred Memorial Hospital, while studying sleep disorders. In June 1980, Sullivan conducted an experimental study in which a mask was placed on the nose during sleep and a positive pressure was applied in cooperation with patients planning tracheostomy (surgery to drill holes in the neck) for SAS treatment purposes. He also reported that it is possible to continue treatment at home. The blowing fan used at this time was a vacuum cleaner made by Hitachi.
After that, Sullivan and his colleagues continued to develop a sustained airway positive pressure (CPAP) device. A company that produced oxygen therapy equipment in Australia produced equipment, and it was said that about 1,000 people used it in 1989.
CPAP is now a gold standard treatment for sleep apnea, which has more than 936 million affected people worldwide. The equipment has been studied to enhance therapeutic effects and comfort, and many manufacturers now provide multiple equipment.
Reference: Sullivan CE. Nasal positive airway pressure and sleep apnea. Reflection on an experimental method that became a therapy. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2018; 198: 581-587.
※This article is a reorganization of the CPAP newspaper No.116, which is located in the hospital, for the homepage.
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